What are the most common medical emergencies in Clinical pathology and Hospital industry ?

What is the medical emergency ?

 Medical emergency is the  acute injury  or illnes  that poses an immediate risk to a someone  life or her/his health, these emergencies may require assistance from another, qualified person, as some of these emergencies, such as cardiovascular (heart), respiratory,Fainting.

In the medical emergency conditions plhebotomist ,laboratory technician ,Nursing staff have training to deal with most medical emergencies, and maintain CPR and Basic life support  certifications. In emergency Conditions  , most hospitals have protocols or policy to someone on-site trained staff  is avialable.

Few times Haapen pateint is comes in fasting for blood investigations or OPD and suddenly pateint colaps ,suddenly become unconsious short time in this situation .identify the condition firstly :

Fainting

1) The procedure for dealing with a patient who has fainted or unexpectedly nonresponsive is as follow:

2) Where practical, laid the patient flat or lower his/her head and arms, if patient is sitting. 

3) Loosen tight clothing . and call emergency medical team.

CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation):

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that's useful in many emergencies, such as a heart attack , in which someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.

Before the start CPR , need to be check ,

*  firstly take  in safe environment. 

* Check person conscious or unconscious?

*If the person appears unconscious, tap or shake his or her shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you OK?"

*If the person doesn't respond and you're with another person ask for healp ,who can help, have one person call nearest medical team or the local emergency number .and up  the other person begin CPR  .

Remember word CAB - The American Heart Association uses the letters C-A-B  (Circulation, airway, breathing ) to help people remember the order to perform the steps of CPR.

1. Put the person on his or her back on a firm surface.
2. Kneel next to the person's neck and shoulders.
3. Place the lower palm (heel) of your hand over the center of the person's chest, between the nipples.
4. Place your other hand on top of the first hand. Keep your elbows straight and position your shoulders directlyabove your hands.
   
5. Push straight down on (compress) the chest at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) but no more than 2.4 inches (6 centimeters). Use your entire body weight (not just your arms) when doing compressions.
   

   
   
6. you've performed 30 chest compressions, open the person's airway using the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver. Put your palm on the person's forehead and gently tilt the head back. Then with the other hand, gently lift the chin forward to open the airway.
7. Push hard at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions a minute.  Allow the chest to spring back after each push.
8. If you haven't been trained in CPR, continue chest compressions until there are signs of movement or until emergency medical personnel take over. If you have been trained in CPR, go on to opening the airway and rescue breathing.
   

   
   

Nausea

The procedure for dealing with a patient who is nausea is to: 

Make the patient as comfortable as

possible. Instruct the patient to breathe deeply. Sip on beverages that provide calories such as fruit juices, sport drinks, or flat glucose-sweetened soda pop throughout the day.

Vomiting:

The procedure for dealing with patient who is vomiting is to: Give the patient an emesis basin or carton. Give the patient water to rinse or flush out his/ her vomit.

Convulsion:

The procedure for dealing with patient who is convulsion is to: Prevent the patient from injuring himself / herself. do not restrain the movements of the patient’s extremities completely, but try to prevent him / her being injury.